Explanation Text part 2

September 07, 2021

Hello Readers. On this blog, I will explain about Explanation Text part 2.I hope you can understand it well. Enjoy! :)

Definition of Explanation Text
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text books.

Generic Structure of Explanation Text

1. General Statement
Stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
2. Sequenced of Explanation
Stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.

Purpose of Explanation Text
1. Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and
cultural phenomena.
2. To explain how or why something happens.

According to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson (1997: 82) says that the explanation text type is often used to tell how and why thing (phenomena) occur in nature.

Language Features of Explanation Text
In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :
1. Using simple present tense.
2. Using abstract noun (no visible noun).
3. Using passive voice.
4. Using action verbs.
5. Containing explanation of the process.

Passive voice and active voice
The general structure of the active voice and passive voice forms of the same sentence is as follows:

Active Voice: Subject + Verb + Object

Passive Voice: Object + Verb + Subject

In addition to the arrangement of objects and subjects played, the form of verbs in sentences in both voices also changes. In the example sentence above, you can see that there are changes in the main verb (wash, bought) as well as the auxiliary verb (are, was) of the two voices above. Passive Voice only uses the third form of the verb or it can also be called the Past Participle. As for the auxiliary verb changes depending on the rules for using tenses in voices.

Example :

Active Voice: S + V (s/es) + O

My sister draws different art paintings every single day.

Passive Voice: O + to be (is/am/are) + past participle + (by S)

Art paintings are drawn every single day by my sister.

Rules for changing active voice to passive one

1. Identify the subject the verb, and the object
2. Change the subject into subject
3. Put the suitable helping verb or auxiliary verb. In case the helping verb is given, use the same verb but note that the helping verb given agrees with the object
4. Change the verb into the past participle form
5. Add the preposition by
6. Change the subject into object

Example
1. A letter is written by me
2. American was discovered by Columbus
3. Macbeth was written by shakespeare
4. The door was opened by his son
5. The new ideas were suggested by Gina

Example:

How a Cancer is Formed

What is cancer? It is actually a group of more than one hundred separate diseases. Most of us are fear from cancer It is reasonable because next to heart disease, cancer is the second leading cause of death.

Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer.

Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system. Therefore cancer develops if the immune system is not working properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate.

How a Fuel Light Works

Many cars, motorcycles and other modern vehicles have fuel warning light devices. the warning light is usually red which switches on automatically when the level of fuel in the tank is very low. The warning light gives the driver information about the amount of petrol in the tank. When the light switches on red, it tells the driver that the petrol in the tank is almost empty. Therefore he have to put more fuel into the tank. However do you know how the fuel warning works?

Well this is the way the fuel warning light work and gives the driver information about the accurate amount of the petrol in the tank. When the level of the fuel falls, the float inside the tank moves downwards. When this condition happens, the arm also moves downwards and it make the lever touch an electrical contact. This switches on the fuel light in the car dashboard.

The red light which appears in the fuel panel of the dashboard tells the driver that he needs more petrol for his car. When he pours more petrol into the tank, this condition makes the fuel level rise and it pushes the float upwards. In return it disconnects to the electrical contact and makes the red light switch off.

This is video materials about explanation text